| 6. Are there different types of photovoltaic cells and what are their differences? In general commercial photovoltaic cells are manufactured from silicon, the same material from which sand is made. In this case, however, the silicon is extremely pure. Other, more exotic materials such as gallium arsenide are just beginning to make their way into the field. The three general types of silicon photovoltaic cells are: - Single-crystal silicon (also known as monocrystalline).
- Polycrystal silicon (also known pollycrytalline).
- Amorphous silicon (abbreviated as "aSi," also known as thin film silicon).
PV cell efficiency is measured by the proportion of available sunlight energy that the cell converts to electrical energy. Manufacturers are improving this efficiency and reducing their production costs; this is making PV energy more competitive with traditional sources of energy e.g. fossil fuels. Single-crystal silicon (monocrystalline) is the most common and most efficient material (14-16%) used in making PV cells and is the type of PV cell our company recommends and installs for most PV systems. Polycrystalline silicon cells are slightly less efficient (12-14%) but also slightly lower cost. Amorphous silicon in the form of thin film is the least efficient (7-11%) and least expensive. 7. What are the benefits of using PV systems? The benefits of solar are the following: - Save money every month by lowering your electric bills
- Low operating costs
- Utilize free energy from the sun to reduce the effect of utility rate increases
- Enjoy energy independence by becoming your own power producer
- Protect the environment by using clean, renewable energy in your home
8. What is the average life expectancy of PV systems? The manufacturer gives a 25-year limited warranty on power output, although PV systems are expected to last longer than this 9. What are the differences between grid-connected and stand-alone PV systems? Grid-Connected Systems consists of the photovoltaic panels, the inverter and the EAC production and consumption KW meters. This system delivers the produced power directly to the EAC grid and the KWh power is measured by the KWh production meter. This power is currently sold to EAC directly and the KWh rates are as follows: a) For Category A with 55% subsidy CYP £0.12 per KWh. b) For Category A with 0% subsidy CYP £0.224 per KWh c) For Category B with 40% subsidy CYP £0.12 per KWh d) For Category B with 0% subsidy CYP £0.196 per KWh Stand Alone Systems are systems which are mainly used in remote areas where the EAC grid is not available. These systems consist of the photovoltaic panels, the inverter and the batteries. Electricity generated from these systems is either stored in the batteries or consumed directly. 10. What are the different categories which are eligible to government subsidies? There are two different types of government subsidies: Category A: Private households, school boards, charitable institutions, municipalities, communities and other non-profit organizations, which operate in the areas under the control of the Republic of Cyprus, to the extent that they do not exercise economic activity. Category B: For individuals and legal entities as well as public sector entities, who operate in the areas under the control of the Republic of Cyprus, that exercise economic activity. 11. What government subsidies are offered and what are the available options? For 2007, small PV systems with generating capacity up to 5KW, connected to the EAC grid the government subsidy is as follows: a) Category A: 55% of the eligible costs will be provided, under the restriction of maximum eligible costs. Maximum amount of grant £38.000. b) Category B: 40% of the eligible costs will be provided, under the restriction of maximum eligible costs. Maximum amount of grant £28.000. 12. What are the average yearly returns and paid up period for a solar PV system? The average yearly returns and paid up period for: a) Category A, where 55% of the eligible costs will be provided, is 9.5% average yearly returns and 11 years paid up period. b) Category B, where 40% of the eligible costs will be provided, is 6.7% average yearly returns and 13 years paid up period.
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